The Islamic Republic of Iran’s use of criminal intermediaries for extraterritorial assassinations and covert violence: a gray zone strategy of outsourced repression
| |

The Islamic Republic of Iran’s use of criminal intermediaries for extraterritorial assassinations and covert violence: a gray zone strategy of outsourced repression

The Islamic Republic of Iran has employed assassinations and proxy violence as tools of statecraft. Dissidents in exile have been killed, targeted, or systematically threatened, while Israeli-linked entities across Europe have faced repeated attacks. In recent years, Tehran has increasingly outsourced these operations to state-linked criminal intermediaries. This paper analyzes Iran’s approach through the lens…

A Growing Security Threat: Iranian Intelligence Operations in Scandinavia (Part Two: Sweden)
| |

A Growing Security Threat: Iranian Intelligence Operations in Scandinavia (Part Two: Sweden)

Iranian intelligence operations in Sweden reveal a systematic strategy of espionage, cyber intrusions, extraterritorial repression, and influence campaigns that extend across Scandinavia. Recent cases show Tehran’s reliance on sleeper agents, proxies, and criminal networks, including the Foxtrot organization, to target Iranian dissidents, Jewish communities, and Israeli diplomatic missions. The regime’s activities include infiltration of universities…

Immigrant Background and Rape Conviction: A 21-Year Follow-Up Study in Sweden

Immigrant Background and Rape Conviction: A 21-Year Follow-Up Study in Sweden

While extensive research exists on the severe consequences among rape victims, little is known about specific predictors in relation to rape convictions among immigrants to Europe. This study from Sweden (having one of Europe’s highest per capita rates of rape) investigates individuals convicted of rape, aggravated rape, attempted rape, or attempted aggravated rape, collectively termed…

Lethal injuries in single stabs to the trunk – A study on homicides and suicides in Sweden
|

Lethal injuries in single stabs to the trunk – A study on homicides and suicides in Sweden

Introduction Homicides using knives or other sharp objects are the most common type of homicide in Europe, and the second most common type of homicide worldwide. In contrast, suicides using sharp objects are rarer, constituting only a few per cent of all suicides in western countries. We investigated single stab injuries to the trunk in…

Male-on-Male Sexual Homicide: A Systematic Review
|

Male-on-Male Sexual Homicide: A Systematic Review

Sexual homicide has been heavily studied, yet the majority of the studies have focused on male offenders killing female victims (MFSH), thereby neglecting male-on-male sexual homicide (MMSH), i.e., instances where an adult male offender murders an adult male victim. To summarize the current understanding of this crime type, a systematic review was conducted. The objective…

Understanding medical aspects of violent crimes in Sweden’s region Skåne: a retrospective cross-sectional design of the ViCS project
|

Understanding medical aspects of violent crimes in Sweden’s region Skåne: a retrospective cross-sectional design of the ViCS project

Introduction: While there has been a reduction in specific homicide categories in Sweden, the last decade has witnessed an increase in the overall rate. The escalation is predominantly linked to heightened gun violence associated with criminal gangs. As a result, Sweden faces an extreme rate of shootings and firearm-related homicides, constituting one of the most…